According to a prominent research, Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids (EPA and DHA) play a key role in supporting the retina, one of the most metabolically active tissues in the body. DHA is present in high concentrations in the retina just like lutein and zeaxanthin the two most well known macular carotenoids.
Research performed as early the 1990’s found people with higher levels of serum DHA had a lower risk of developing Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Later research found participants consuming higher amounts of both EPA and DHA had between a 30% – 40 % reduction in the risk of developing AMD. These results have been verified in at least 10 different studies.
EPA, does not have the same role in the membrane of the cell that DHA has, however, EPA is necessary to insure the correct functioning of cell signaling which requires a rapid cell response. EPA is also precursor to antioxidant molecules important in aiding the regulation of inflammation. Because the retina has a supercharged metabolism, large amounts of oxygen are being turned over every second. This creates excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species.
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