A new study found taking a Multivitamin daily for 3 years, was associated with a 60% reduction in Cognitive aging, especially in participants with Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).
This placebo-controlled study was a sub-study of a larger trial which compared the effects of a Multivitamin-Mineral (MVM) and cocoa extract (500 mg/day cocoa flavanols) to a placebo on cancer and cardiovascular outcomes. The initial study group was comprised of over 21,000 participants. The sub-study included over 2200 adults over the age of 65 who did not have dementia. Participants underwent cognitive testing at the onset of the study and again annually for 3 years. The mean age of the participants was 73 years of age at baseline. 40% of the participants were men, 89% were non-Hispanic white and 49% had some post-college education. All of the study groups were balanced in regards to prior Multivitamin use, chocolate intake, alcohol intake, smoking status, depression, diabetes, CVD history, and participant’s demographics. Additionally the cognitive scores taken at baseline were also balanced between the study groups. Although the primary goal of the study was to determine the effect of CE (Cocoa Extract) vs placebo on the participant’s Global Cognitive Function composite score, the secondary outcome was to determine the effect of MVM vs placebo on Global Cognitive Function. Researchers also looked at the impact of MVM supplementation on executive function and memory and the treatment effects of this protocol for certain subgroups, like participants with a history of CVD.
Researchers found no effect of cocoa on Global Cognitive Function. However, participants supplementing with a Multivitamin Minerals showed positive effects in Global Cognitive Function Composite scores when compared with the placebo group. This benefit peaked at 2 years and then remained stable for the remainder of the study period. Additionally the group supplementing the Multivitamin Mineral showed improvements in their executive function composite scores and their memory composite scores.
As expected, participants with Cardiovascular Disease had lower cognitive scores at baseline but showed improvements over the study period. Participants receiving the placebo continued to see declines throughout the study. Overall, participants who supplemented with a daily Multivitamin Mineral showed a slowing of Cognitive aging by 60%.
Further studies are warranted.
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